369 Tesla – Indian Polity
Simulation Book | Edunivra Pvt Ltd
KalviYogi Nagarajan
Indian Polity Background

The Simulation Era of Learning

KalviYogi Nagarajan | Edunivra Pvt Ltd | 369 Tesla

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Page 118 of 171 War • External Aggression • Armed Rebellion

தேசிய அவசரநிலை (Art 352): காரணங்கள், செயல்முறை, விளைவுகள் & கட்டுப்பாடுகள்

Indian Polity – Tamil | Simulation View

National Emergency → நாட்டின் ஒருங்கிணைந்த பாதுகாப்பு முறை

Article 352 படி, இந்தியாவின் பாதுகாப்பு ஆபத்திற்குள்ளாகும் போது
President → National Emergency அறிவிக்கலாம்.

இது நாட்டின் federal structure-ஐ unitary modeக்கு மாற்றுகிறது.

Grounds for National Emergency – Infographic

War

Actual war with another nation.

External Aggression

Attack or threat from outside.

Armed Rebellion

Internal revolt (post-44th amendment).

Internal disturbance

Removed in 44th Amendment.

Written Advice

PM-headed cabinet must give written advice.

Procedure: How National Emergency is Declared?

  1. PM-led Cabinet gives written advice to President.
  2. President proclaims emergency.
  3. Parliament approval within 1 month.
  4. Every 6 months → renewal needed.
  5. Lok Sabha alone can revoke by simple majority.

Effects of National Emergency

  • Centre → State subjects மீது direct control.
  • Parliament → State Listல் சட்டம் செய்ய முடியும்.
  • FR restrictions under Art 19 (only during war/external aggression).
  • Executive power shifts towards Union.
  • Term of Lok Sabha/Assembly → 1 year extendable.

Quick Check – National Emergency

Art 352ல் இப்போது பயன்படுத்தப்படும் term?

  • Internal Disturbance
  • Armed Rebellion
  • Political Disorder

Correct → Armed Rebellion.

Simulation: Is This National Emergency Ground?

Buttons: "Foreign army attack" / "Severe cyclone" / "Internal armed uprising" Output: 1 → Yes – External Aggression 2 → No 3 → Yes – Armed Rebellion

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