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3 – Visualization
6 – Interaction
9 – Transformation

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Page 33 of 171 Council of States • Permanent House • Federal Balance

ராஜ்யசபா: மாநிலங்களின் சபை – அமைப்பு, அதிகாரங்கள் & தனிச்சிறப்பு

Indian Polity – Tamil | Simulation View

Rajya Sabha – Federal Voice

Rajya Sabha = States & Union Territories-ன் பிரதிநிதித்துவம்.

இது permanent house (dissolve ஆகாது):

ஒவ்வொரு 2 ஆண்டுகளுக்கும் 1/3 members retire.

Rajya Sabha roles:

State interests protect பண்ணல்
Important Bills revise பண்ணல்
All-India Services create பண்ண Parliamentக்கு power கொடுக்கல் (Art. 312)

Rajya Sabha = India's federal stabiliser.

Rajya Sabha – Core Facts

Total Strength

250 max (238 elected + 12 nominated).

Election

State MLAs elect through proportional representation.

Chairperson

Vice President of India.

Tenure

6 years (2-year rotation).

Federal Power

Art 249/312 special authority.

Rajya Sabha Election – Simplified

MLAs vote → proportional representation.
Each state gets seats based on population.
Every 2 years → staggered elections.
House never dissolves.

Quick Check – Rajya Sabha

Rajya Sabha Chairman யார்?

Lok Sabha Speaker
Vice President
Prime Minister

Correct → Vice President.

Simulation: Identify the Bill Power

Buttons show: "Money Bill" / "Constitutional Amendment Bill" / "Ordinary Bill" Output: Money Bill → Lok Sabha final decision; RS limited role Amendment Bill → Both Houses equal power Ordinary Bill → Both Houses must pass

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