369 Tesla – Indian Polity
Simulation Book | Edunivra Pvt Ltd
KalviYogi Nagarajan
Indian Polity Background

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KalviYogi Nagarajan | Edunivra Pvt Ltd | 369 Tesla

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Page 119 of 171 Breakdown of Constitutional Machinery • President's Rule

மாநில அவசரநிலை (Art 356): அரசியலமைப்பு இயங்காத சூழல், நடைமுறை & Bommai தீர்ப்பு

Indian Polity – Tamil | Simulation View

President's Rule → எப்போது பயன்படுத்தலாம்?

Article 356 → மாநில legislature அல்லது ministry
அரசியலமைப்பின் படி செயல்பட முடியாத நிலை ஏற்பட்டால்
President → State Emergency அறிவிக்கலாம்.

இதற்கு Governor's report OR suo motu decision possible.

Grounds for President's Rule – Infographic

Hung Assembly

No party gets majority.

Government loses majority

CM losing floor test.

Law & Order Collapse

State unable to maintain security.

Failure to follow Constitution

Unconstitutional acts.

Financial Paralysis

Budget unable to pass.

Procedure to Impose Art 356

  1. Governor report / Presidential satisfaction.
  2. Proclamation issued.
  3. Parliament approval within 2 months.
  4. 6 months validity (max 3 years with conditions).
  5. State Assembly → suspended / dissolved.

S.R. Bommai Case (1994) – Landmark Safeguards

Supreme Court established strict limits:

  • Floor test compulsory before dismissing govt.
  • President's Rule subject to judicial review.
  • Mala fide use of Art 356 invalid.
  • Centre cannot misuse 356 for political reasons.

Quick Check – President's Rule

President's Rule எவ்வளவு காலம் நீட்டிக்கலாம் (அதிகபட்சம்)?

  • 1 year
  • 2 years
  • 3 years

Correct → 3 years (special conditions).

Simulation: Apply Art 356 or Not?

Buttons: "CM refuses to take floor test" / "State hit by normal monsoon floods" / "Assembly unable to pass budget" Output: 1 → Possible Art 356 2 → Not a ground 3 → Possible Art 356 (financial paralysis)

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